Describe the cognitive processes required when preparing for examinations Free Essays

Presentation The point of the current paper was to research and talk about the intellectual procedures engaged with the groundwork for tests. The paper covers the foundation of subjective brain science, talking about the different resources of intellectual preparing. It at that point proceeds to talk about the particular resources of consideration and memory, as these were two central components remembered for the writing when considering the learning and memorisation of data. We will compose a custom article test on Portray the intellectual procedures required while getting ready for assessments or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now Conversation about the psychological procedures associated with consideration and memory is consolidated in to the paper, and recommendations on how understudies can utilize intellectual methods to upgrade the presentation of these subjective procedures while getting ready for tests are subsumed. The paper closes with the recommendation that the working memory model as proposed by Baddeley Hitch (1974) is the principle psychological procedure associated with test arrangement. The term â€Å"cognition† is gotten from the Latin word â€Å"cognoscere† which when made an interpretation of in to the English language, indicates the significance â€Å"to know†. Henceforth, psychological brain science is worried about the logical investigation of human comprehension. Procedures, for example, discernment, learning, judgment, dynamic and memory are a portion of the components that comprise as subjective capacity. The crucial point of analysts in the field of intellectual brain research is to build up how people secure and apply information and data to and from their surroundings (Lu Dosher, 2007). Information through discernment is achieved by method of the five detects where various parts of the data, for example, structure and movement speak to different various highlights of the boosts (Livingstone Hubel, 1988; Ungerleider Mishkin, 1982; Julesz, 1971). The reason for learning is to improve the reaction of the person to their condition (Kande l, 1976; Estes, 1969). In this way, all through the mental writing on intellectual handling, accentuation has been founded on the impact of related knowledge and procedural information on an individual’s execution (Roediger, 1990). The consideration capacity of the intellectual procedure oversees data so the brain works productively without getting over-burden. This is done through specific handling, whereby certain snippets of data are chosen for preparing. Furthermore, the consideration personnel may likewise deal with the admission of concurrent snippets of data by isolating and dispersing the assets concerned them (Broadbent, 1957; Posner, 1980; Treisman, 1969). The judgment and dynamic personnel of subjective handling is required for the person to adequately play out an intentional conduct. The decision that the individual makes might be driven by understood or express judgment and choice, embroiling that the individual may have a cognizant or oblivious reason for their choice (von Neumann Morgenstern 1944; Luce, 1959). However, the most evolved part of psychological brain research and the investigation of subjective procedures is the personnel of memory. Memory contemplates place significant accentuation on examining the techniques in which recollections are gained, put away and recovered. Exploration gives sign that the limit of memory is partitioned to perform separate obligations, for example, holding data about the earth, techniques, aptitudes and running the working memory system (Cowan, 1995; Dosher, 1999). The current paper tries to examine which intellectual procedures are utilized during groundwork for a test, with explicit references to the consideration and memory elements of the mind, as these are the two capacities that go connected at the hip while holding and reviewing data (Cherry, 2014). The inclination to process data specifically through consideration, and hold data in a manner by which is open through the working memory are two basic parts of psychological limit. While proof shows that consideration assumes little job in the upkeep of data encoded in the memory (Fougnie, 2008), it has been proposed that there are solid connections between the working memory and consideration resources of the intellectual brain during the encoding and control procedure of information procurement (Cherry 2014; Fougnie, 2008). Hypothetical models of the working memory usually portray a job for consideration. In any case, between these various models, the specific job for consideration has not been conceded to and remains dubiously indistinct, consequently banters about which preparing stage that attentional determination happens (Fougnie, 2008). The most broadly acknowledged model of memory is the Working Memory Model proposed by Baddeley and Hitch in 1974. In this model, considerati on is the middle person between tangible memory and the focal official, where sub capacities, for example, the phonological store and the visuospatial sketch cushion, two momentary memory stores, hold transient sound-related and visual data individually. These are known as the ‘slave systems’ and give proof concerning how people can perform various tasks. As per the working memory model, the data from these slave frameworks are then moved back to the focal official whereby they are encoded in the drawn out memory (Fougnie, 2008). These discoveries give a layout to which intellectual procedures happen during test planning, where understudies endeavor to hold data that they will later on recover. However, further exploration proposes that learning and holding data for tests might be a more perplexing system than those delineated by memory models (Hill, 2009). Ebbinghaus (1885) examined the technique where the maintenance and overlooking of data happen. The foundation of the overlooking bend gave understanding into how recollections disseminate over some stretch of time (Groome, Brace, Dewart, Edgar, Edgar, Esgate, Kemp, Pike Stafford, 2006). Also, Bartlett’s Story Recall try (1932) loaned understanding to the thought that data is required to hold semantic incentive so as to be recollected (Groome, et al., 2006). Subsequently, as per Hill (2009), the best ways for understudies to retain data for their tests is through redundancy, elaboration and association. To additionally expound on the proposals of Ebbinghaus (1885), Bartlett (1932) and Hill (2009), scientists proposed a few investigations in food. Ebbinghaus (1885) further expressed that so as to abstain from overlooking and improve memory, reiteration was altogether important. Utilizing the ‘mind’s voice’, the phonological circle, the pattern of learning and precisely reviewing fortifies the memory, in this way making test planning simpler as less time will be required to re-gain proficiency with the material, consequently why amending for tests more than once improves review (Hill, 2009). In addition, for Bartlett (1932), it has been discovered that data having semantic worth is reviewed all the more effectively (Craik Tulving, 1975; Ley, 1978). It might be theorized that the clarification of is reasoned to the consideration capacity of the working memory choosing important data so as to upgrade the individual’s execution dependent on earlier learning and experience. In light of these discoveries, mental aides might be recommended as a compelling modification apparatus, since partner data with clear visual symbolism and words has demonstrated upgraded review (Bower, 1972). Moreover, introducing data in an organized way in which importance is passed on has been found to encourage review (Hill, 2009). By gathering or requesting m aterials in a sorted out way, the individual will exploit the mind’s existing technique for speaking to data semantically, in this way making the data simpler to encode and recover through memory. For instance, Ley et al (1978) found that introducing clinical data to patients in a sorted out and organized way improved their review up to 25%. In this way, it is proposed that understudies sufficiently sort out their learning materials in a semantic way so as to plan for their tests in the most ingenious manner. In spite of the fact that the writing has given rich proof to help the thought that the memory and consideration resources assume a significant job in test planning, there are likewise pertinent restrictions needing tending to. The working memory model has been condemned as being invalid, as when new examinations propose discoveries that don't fit with the current working memory model, the working memory model is changed so as to suit the new discoveries. This makes it hard to distort the model or supplant it with another one, and shows that any examination discoveries dependent on the working memory model are void (Neath Nairne , 1995). Additionally, the discoveries of Ebbinghaus (1885) have been addressed, as the subject of his investigation was himself. With no goal discoveries, analysts accept the consequences of the overlooking bend to be questionable (Hill, 2009). Regardless of these reactions, later exploration dependent on both the working memory model and the overlooking ben d has effectively revealed new discoveries on the subjective procedures associated with memory (Groome, et al., 2006). Taking everything into account, the discoveries in the writing have loaned plentiful help to the thought that test readiness vigorously depends on the intellectual procedures of consideration and memory. The writing has demonstrated that these two resources work conjointly so as to accomplish long haul memory. Studies on the Working Memory Model have recognized the particular jobs of the two subjective procedures, and the writing has offered further help on how the functioning memory model is essential in test correction through itemized portrayals of these capacities. Studies on memory maintenance and overlooking have involved that redundancy, elaboration and association are the key

Frankenstein Essay Essays - Frankenstein, English-language Films

Frankenstein Essay Essays - Frankenstein, English-language Films Frankenstein Essay Frankenstein, by Mary Shelley is a perplexing novel that was composed during the time of Romanticism. It contains numerous run of the mill subjects of a typical Romantic epic, for example, dim research centers, the moon, and a beast; be that as it may, Frankenstein is definitely not a typical novel. Numerous exercises are installed into this novel, including how society acts towards the extraordinary. The beast succumbed to the framework regularly used to describe an individual by just their external appearance. In any case, society consistently sums up an individual's attributes by their physical appearance. Society has set an unbreakable code people must follow to be acknowledged. The individuals who don't follow the norm are loathed by the group and prohibited for the explanation of being extraordinary. At the point when the beast wandered into a town...[monster] had scarcely positioned [his] foot inside the entryway ...youngsters screeched, and ...ladies blacked out (101). From that second on he understood that individuals didn't care for his appearance and abhorred him as a result of it. On the off chance that residents didn't flee at seeing him, at that point they may have even made the most of his character. The beast attempted to achieve this when he experienced the De Lacey family. The beast would have liked to pick up kinship from the elderly person and inevitably his youngsters. He realized that it could have been conceivable in light of the fact that the elderly person was visually impaired, he was unable to see the beast's shocking attributes. In any case, destiny was against him and the vomited had scarcely chatted with the elderly person before his youngsters came back from their excursion and saw an immense animal at the foot of their dad endeavoring to do damage to the vulnerable senior. Felix shot forward, and with extraordinary power tore [the creature] from his father... (129). Felix's activity made incredible inward torment the beast. He realized that his fantasy about living with them cheerfully ever after would not occur. After that unpleasant second the beast accepted that ...the human faculties are unfavorable obstructions to our association [with the monster] (138) and with the De Lacey experience still new in his psyche alongside his first experience of people, he announced war on humankind. The mischievous being's wellspring of contempt toward people begins from his first encounters with people. In a manner the beast began with a kid like blamelessness that was inevitably broken by being continually dismissed by society on numerous occasions. His first experience with people was the point at which he opened his yellow eyes just because and saw Victor Frankenstein, his maker, ...rush out of the [laboratory]... (56). Would this have had occurred if society didn't believe physical appearance to be significant? No. On the off chance that physical appearance were not significant, at that point the animal would have gotten an opportunity of being acknowledged into the network with adoration and care. However, society believes that physical appearance is significant and it influences the manner in which individuals act towards one another. Frankenstein ought to have made him less culpable if even he, the maker, couldn't stand his appalling appearance. There was a second anyway when Frankenstein ...was moved... (139) by the animal. He ...felt what the obligations of a creator... (97) were and concluded that he needed to make another animal, an ally for the first. Yet, frequenting pictures of his creation (from the beast's first snapshot of life) gave him an intuitive inclination that the beast would do threatening acts with his partner, unleashing double the devastation! Reoccurring pictures of excruciating occasions starting from a first experience could fill an individual with loathe and decimation. We as a general public are the ones liable for the change of the once youngster like animal into the beast we as a whole know. The open has to realize that our general public has imperfections and they should be evacuated before our base impulses proceed to separate and hurt the individuals who are extraordinary. With such a lot of innovation among us, a few people may ask why such a propelled human advancement despite everything sticks on to such crude methods of classifying individuals.

Guil Naquitz (Mexico) - Key Evidence of Maize Domestication History

Guil Naquitz (Mexico) - Key Evidence of Maize Domestication History Guil Naquitz is one of the most significant archeological destinations in the Americas, perceived for its advancement revelations in understanding plant taming. The site was uncovered during the 1970s by KV Flannery, utilizing then-new strategies for natural and biological testing, and the consequences of those inspecting methods and different unearthings that followed modified what archeologists had recently comprehended of the planning of plant training. Guil Naquitz is a little caveâ occupied at any rate multiple times somewhere in the range of 8000 and 6500 BC, by trackers and gatherers, most likely throughout the fall (October to December) of the year. The cavern is in the Tehuacn valley of the province of Oaxaca, Mexico, around 5 kilometers (3 miles) northwest of the town of Mitla. The mouth of the cavern opens close to the base of a huge ignimbrite precipice rising ~300 meters (~1000 feet) over the valley floor. Sequence and Stratigraphy Five regular layers (An E) were recognized in the cavern stores, which stretched out to a most extreme profundity of 140 centimeters (55 inches). Shockingly, just the top layers (A) can be convincingly dated, in light of radiocarbon dates from its living floors and ceramics which matches Monte Alban IIIB-IV, ca. 700 AD. The dates of different layers inside the cavern are to a degree opposing: yet AMS radiocarbon dates on the plant parts found inside layers B, C, and D have returned dates to almost 10,000 years back, well inside the Archaic time frame and, for the time it was found, mind-blowingly early. Extensive and warmed discussion happened during the 1970s, especially about the radiocarbon dates from Guila Naquitzs teosinte (antecedent to maize) cob parts, concerns which generally dispersed after likewise old dates for maize were recuperated from the San Marcos and Coxcatlan collapses Oaxaca and Puebla, and the Xihuatoxtla site in Guerrero. Full scale and Micro Plant Evidence A wide scope of plant food was recouped inside the cavern stores of Guil Naquitz, including oak seeds, pinyon, desert flora organic products, hackberries, mesquite cases, and in particular, the wild types of jug gourd, squash and beans. Different plants verified at Guila Naquitz stew peppers, amaranth, chenopodium, and agave. This proof incorporates plant partspeduncles, seeds, natural products, and skin pieces, yet additionally dust and phytoliths. Three cobs with plant components of bothâ teosinte (the wild ancestor ofâ maize)â and maize, were found inside the stores and direct-dated by AMS radiocarbon dating to around 5400 years of age; they give a few indications of training. Squash skins were likewise radiocarbon dated: they returned dates of around 10,000 years prior. Sources This article is a piece of the About.com manual for the American Archaic, and the Dictionary of Archeology. Benz BF. 2001. Archeological proof of teosinte training from Guil Naquitz, Oaxaca. Procedures of the National Academy of Sciences 98(4):2105-2106. Crawford GW. 2015. Food Production, Origins of. In: Wright JD, supervisor. Universal Encyclopedia of the Social Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition). Oxford: Elsevier. p 300-306. Flannery KV. 1986. Guila Naquitz: Archaic Foraging and Early Agriculture in Oaxaca, Mexico. New York: Academic Press. Marcus J, and Flannery KV. 2004. The coevolution of custom and society: New 14C dates from old Mexico. Procedures of the National Academy of Sciences 101(52):18257â€18261. Piperno DR. 2003. A couple of bits shy of a cob: on the Staller and Thompson late passage situation for the presentation of maize into northern South America. Diary of Archeological Science 30(7):831-836. Schoenwetter J. 1974. Dust Records of Guila Naquitz Cave. American Antiquity 39(2):292-303. Smith BD. 1997. The Initial Domestication of Cucurbita pepo in the Americas 10,000 Years Ago. Science 276(5314):932-934. Warinner C, Garcia NR, and Tuross N. 2013. Maize, beans and the botanical isotopic decent variety of good country Oaxaca, Mexico. Diary of Archeological Science 40(2):868-873.

Retail Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Retail Industry - Essay Example Over and over Non benefit associations have raised issues against the enormous retailing monsters particularly Tesco and Asda. Find beneath news distributed in the different dailies Body: The claims and allegations of different NGO's and papers on moral and communist issues against the retailers are a repetitive event directly from the mid 1900's. The worker's organizations, Human rights activists, customer insurance right activists, associations that sheltered watchman the interests of little ranchers and providers, and the little business person's associations, are all in their own specific manner attempting to secure their enthusiasm by continually looking for help from the media and the administration administrative bodies to help them in their motivation. The objective for this paper as expressed to start with is to distinguish, explore and approve this campaigning and go to an agreement dependent on the discoveries. Release us through a couple of measurements before we get further in the issue. The monsters Tesco and Asda are consistently in the spot light on any of the charges that originates from any corner a portion of the claims depend on measurable information from different sources which is nitty gritty underneath: Asda Wal-Mart offered a 10% compensation rise 340 of its drivers and stockroom laborers in Durham in the event that they left the worker's guild GMB. Asda was in this way fined for these contributions as it was illicit instigations to its laborers. Sharing the advantage: Tesco reported 2.5 billion in the year 2007 17.9 million was the complete yearly compensation to the 16 governing body in Tesco, one of the most costly sheets as per the Ecologist in May 2007. The Tesco boss got a 25% compensation climb in 2006 taking his salary to very nearly 4 million. A Tesco worker with a normal compensation should labor for a long time to get that salary. Dissolving rivalry and the effect on free retailers: These enormous retailing goliaths have essentially rung the demise chime for little and autonomous business visionaries and above all denied shoppers of decisions. During the 1960's free retailers had a 60% piece of the pie which in now diminished to 6%. Right around 2000 free retailers close shop every year. 7337 free retailers shut down between the years 2000 and 2004. 'As indicated by the High road Report 2015 - All parliamentary little shops gathering' - By 2015 all free and little comfort stores would have vanished. The issues referenced above are amazingly basic and crucial. Wellbeing, rights, decision and reasonable cost for the products sold (providers). Let us take a gander at the

Finding Community at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Finding Community at SIPA COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Thanks to a former Admissions program assistant and SIPA 18 graduate for this post! One of the reasons why I chose to attend SIPA was because I wanted to engage with and learn from the large and diverse student body. That being said, I was also concerned about getting lost in a larger program my fears were quickly assuaged given that SIPA provides numerous opportunities to build community from Day 1.  Activities ranging from orientation week to organization fairs are abundant. Below is a list of some places that I found strong community. Orientation Cohorts Orientation week was a great way to meet fellow students was through my cohort (Seeples Group D!). Spending a week with a group of students, learning about SIPA, Columbia, and New York was both fun and allowed me to build a strong sense of community within my first several weeks on campus. My cohort still has reunions and some of my best friends at school were in that group! Student Organizations I was involved in a variety of student organizations at SIPA, which really added to my experience. It took me a semester to decide which ones I ultimately wanted to join. These groups range from SIPA Vets to Women in Leadership and are a fantastic way to not only learn about a wide array of topics but also provide extensive leadership opportunities. I also became involved in groups at both the Law and Business schools to gain a different perspective. Regional Institutes Columbia’s regional institutes are a tremendous asset to SIPAs program. Ranging from the Weatherhead to the Harriman Institutes, these institutes are a fantastic place to find community both with fellow Seeples in addition to students from the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. The institutes provide a wide array of cultural activities throughout the year, book talks, discussion groups, and many other events and resources. They were a major part of my life and community throughout the past several years! International Trips I participated in multiple student-led international trips during my time at SIPA. They were the highlight of my time here, and there is nothing that builds community like wandering around ancient ruins or being stuck on a train for 15 hours straight with a group of fellow Seeples. The trips allow you to experience the best of what SIPA has to offer â€" learning about international relations, policies, and cultures. Try to take advantage of these experiences you will come away with lifelong friends! Columbia Community Service There are a myriad of community service opportunities sponsored by the University. They are a fantastic way to serve with fellow students and faculty as well as get to know residents on the Upper West Side.

Sign Language with Toddlers with Down Syndrome - Free Essay Example

Early intervention is an essential part of working with children with disabilities. Intervention delivered by a Speech-language pathologist (SLP) is meant to alleviate the effects of a specific disability in order to change or give strategies to aid in communication. The use of Sign language with toddlers who have Down syndrome is an example of those who can benefit from SLPs. Expressive language is a crucial part of communication and children with Down syndrome struggle to use spoken language, so they benefit from other ways to communicate such as Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC). One form of AAC that both research articles explore is the use of sign language with toddlers. Topics of debate are the effects that sign language has on the vocabulary and expressive language for children with Down syndrome. The purpose of the first study (Wright, Kaiser, Reikowsky Roberts, 2012) was to determine the effects of naturalistic intervention on expressive signs, spoken words, generalization to different settings, and joint engagement and symbol infused joint engagement. The purpose the second research article (Ozcaliskan, Adamson, Dimitrova, Bailey Schmuch, 2015) was to demonstrate how children with Down syndrome compare to typically developing children and what effect baby sign or spontaneous gestures have on their vocabulary acquisition lat er in life. There are few research articles addressing this subject and the articles serve to show the correlation between signing at an early age and the effect it will have on their vocabulary and expressive language later in life. Description of the Studies Wright (2012) studied the effects of naturalistic sign intervention on the expressive language of toddlers with Down syndrome. The focus of the article was on four toddlers with Down syndrome between the age of 23 and 29 months. There were multiple criteria for toddlers that were chosen such as diagnosis of Down Syndrome, 18-36 months old, vision or hearing within normal limits, expressive vocabulary of less than 15 words, minimum of one sign, imitate hand placement, English as primary language, and parental consent. Researchers used an intervention strategy known as EMT/JASPER teaching strategies with the toddlers on both spoken language and manual sign. The study was conducted over a short period of time, approximately 10 weeks. After they established a baseline on expressive language skills for the participants the study lasted for a total of 20 sessions: 2 times a week for 20-30 minutes. This study examined the effects of naturalistic teaching on the acquisition of spoken w ords and signs in young children. According to the study (Wright et. al, 2012), EMT was used throughout the article as a teaching strategy which includes following the childs lead in a play based setting, responding to a childs attempt at communication, mirroring the child, which includes, imitating and describing what the child is doing, expanding on communication attempts, modeling signs, and wait in order to promote communication. Another method used was JASPER, according to (Wright et. al, 2012)Included teaching new play actions and play sequences by modeling and expanding play based on child interests (p.998). This study is a quantitative design due to their analysis of the use and rate of signs and spoken words in relation to their language acquisition. This is an experimental study because of the variables and the researcher is manipulating them by using a naturalistic intervention approach. Ozcaliskan, Adamson, Dimitrova, Bailey Schmuck (2015) studied if baby sign (ASL) or gestures predict vocabulary later in life for children with Down syndrome and for typically developing children. The subjects in the article by Ozcaliskan et. al. (2015) were twenty-three children with Down syndrome and twenty-three typically developing children. These children were put into a playroom with their parents and used the Communication Play Protocol. The protocol is supposed to be a semi-naturalistic observation of parent and child communication that encourages commenting as well as requesting from the children. After the observation they used coding to determine the number of baby signs as well as gestures such as conventional, deictic, and iconic during the video. At the beginning of the study they assessed the children vocabulary and then one year later gave the children the Expressive Vocabulary Test to determine their spoken vocabulary. All of these measures were compared one ye ar apart to see if the signs and gestures had an effect on their spoken vocabulary. Since the study was over a year period, it is considered a longitudinal study. Some definitions that are the terms used to describe various gestures in Ozcaliskan et. al. ( 2012) including deictic (i.e. indexical gestures that indicate objects/locations, such as pointing at a ball, holding up a bottle), conventional (i.e. gestures that convey culturally prescribed meaning with prescribed gesture forms, such as nodding the head to convey affirmation), or iconic (i.e. spontaneous gestures that convey actions or features associated with objects, such as holding cupped hands in air to indicate roundness of a ball). This is a quantitative design because it is studying their rate of signs and gestures compared to the number of vocabulary words acquired later. This study is descriptive in nature because the researchers are not manipulating variables, but rather observing the toddlers over a year to find the relationship between their use of signs and vocabulary acquisition. Synthesis The articles are both evaluating the effects of signs/gestures and the result they will have on children with Down syndrome and their expressive language/vocabulary later in life. The first study (Wright et. al, 2012) had strengths, the most obvious being the number of questions they addressed in the research. They addressed the effect EMT/JASPER has had on expressive sign, spoken words, generalization of skills, and the time spent in joint engagement. Since their study was researching multiple questions it expands beyond the effects on just spoken and expressive signs and onto the effects on joint engagement and being able to generalize the skills. Another advantage to this study is the amount of criteria required of the subjects. Researchers were able to make the research specific to a certain group of people by reducing the number of outliers. A weakness of this study is the low number of participants. There were only 4 children in the study, which make it difficult to get a good view of the true effect of the naturalistic intervention. Another weakness of this study was the inability to measure the effects it had on joint attention due to the inability to use coding to decipher the change in total joint attention. Wright (2012), recommends that future research focus on researching the number of signs and words that are used within each intervention and figuring out which number is the most effective in order for the children to learn these words and generalize them. An additional topic for further research would be to come up with a method to evaluate the development of joint attention based on the intervention that was used. This study was not systematically evaluated based on both EMT, JASPER, and words and signs mode for teaching, which means that they are unable to determine if the increase in expressive language was due to a combination of all three or just one of the methods. The second study (Ozcaliskan et. al, 2015) had some weaknesses. The main weakness was the length of time; if they were studied over a longer period of time they would be able to see the differences in the long-term effects of their sign/gestures. The main strength of this study was the large number of participants. The large numbers of participants gave the study the ability to reach more people and show the effects it had on both typically developing children and children with Down syndrome. A recommendation for further research for Ozcaliskan (2015) is to research children with Down syndrome, who do and who do not use baby sign, and whether or not the use of gestures would show a correlation with their vocabulary later in life. Early intervention plays an important role by showing the effects of sign language on expressive language and their vocabulary later in life. Wright (2012) showed that the use of different teaching methods including EMT and JASPER in correlation with words and sign language can increase their use of signs and spontaneous words in more generalized setting. The second study by Ozcaliskan (2015) showed us that although children with Down syndrome did not use many gestures, their use of baby signs(ASL) showed a positive correlation with their spoken vocabulary a year later. They both reveal the importance of using sign and how it will impact spoken language for children with Down syndrome. Both studies looked at similar aspects within early intervention, but the naturalistic intervention study would be more practical for clinical settings. The naturalistic intervention could be applied to clients and used in order to gain expressive sign, spoken words and to generalize the skills. Th e other study using signs and gestures would not be practical because it is a descriptive study rather than an experimental study. Both of the studies would be fairly easy to duplicate as long as you had the time and the resources. Neither of the articles had controversial findings since there are not many studies addressing this issue. Discussion and future implication Research for the use of sign language for children with Down syndrome has not been studied much in recent years. These two studies realized the need for research to show how the use of sign language is essential for expressive language and teaching children with Down syndrome to communicate in an effective way. Since children with Down syndrome have difficulty with spoken language, the use of signs aid in the process of communication as well as a stepping-stone to spoken language. Using sign intervention with spoken language will improve how children with Down syndrome communicate with peers in a meaningful way.

Rubber Egg and Chicken Bones - Mad Scientist Lab

A Mad Scientist can make a toy out of just about anything, including a boiled egg. Soak an egg in a common kitchen ingredient, vinegar, to dissolve its shell and make the egg rubbery enough that you can bounce it on the floor like a ball. Soaking chicken bones in vinegar will soften them so that they will become rubbery and flexible. Rubber Egg Materials hard-boiled eggglass or jar, big enough to hold the eggvinegar Turn the Egg into a Bouncy Ball Place the egg in the glass or jar.Add enough vinegar to completely cover the egg.Watch the egg. What do you see? Little bubbles may come off the egg as the acetic acid in the vinegar attacks the calcium carbonate of the eggshell. Over time the color of the eggs may change as well.After 3 days, remove the egg and gently rinse the shell off of the egg with tap water.How does the boiled egg feel? Try bouncing the egg on a hard surface. How high can you bounce your egg?You can soak raw eggs in vinegar for 3-4 days, with a slightly different result. The eggs shell will become soft and flexible. You can gently squeeze these eggs, but its not a great plan to try to bounce them on the floor. Make Rubbery Chicken Bones If you soak chicken bones in vinegar (the thinner bones work best), the vinegar will react with the calcium in the bones and weaken them so that they will become soft and rubbery, as if they had come from a rubber chicken. It is the calcium in your bones that makes them hard and strong. As you age, you may deplete the calcium faster than you replace it. If too much calcium is lost from your bones, they may become brittle and susceptible to breaking. Exercising and eating a diet that includes calcium-rich foods can help prevent this from happening.

The African Of African Diaspora Essay - 1382 Words

Over the course of four months, through my African World Survey class, I have seen a glimpse of five thousand years of African history unfold. Before entering the class, my expectations from the course was to learn where did my people come from and how did they live. Within the time I spent in the first class, I soon realized that these two questions did not have simple answers to them. Among this discovery, I learned that people in the African Diaspora makeup every aspect of the human race whether we realize it or not. Through the teachings in class and from the readings from the text, â€Å"Reversing Sail: A History of the African Diaspora†, I am now knowledgeable on how race, rebellions, and the resilience of people from the African diaspora has changed the entire course of humanity as we know it and all it would ever be. â€Å"Antiquity reminds us that modernity could not have been predicted, that Africans were not always under the heel but were in fact at the forefront of human civilization.† (Chapter 1 p.8) To begin the journey of the African diaspora, there must first be an intricate investigation on the cultures in Africa. As we know Africa makes up fifty-four countries with well over a thousand ethnic groups who often has there own language, rituals, and traditions that are practiced and have been practiced for centuries. To understand each tribe’s mission would be impossible but in this course, I have learned about the humble of beginnings of that which we call Africa.Show MoreRelatedThe African Of African Diaspora1733 Words   |  7 PagesThe story of the world is indeed, considered the study of African Diaspora. The term diaspora is commonly known to mean a settling of scattered colonies of people from their home country to another place. The study of African Diaspora represen ts a growth industry. Slavery has been a common theme throughout history. To conquer the oppression and adversity usually set into place for those whom are forced to leave their homeland, resiliency is essential. Humanity has molded and shaped the progress ofRead MoreThe African Of African Diaspora1329 Words   |  6 Pages The African diaspora also known as the forced movement of primarily Western Africans to various parts of the globe including the Americas, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. One of the most influential sectors of the African diaspora was the Trans-Atlantic trade route. According to PBS’ How Many Slaves Landed in the U.S.? â€Å"Between 1525 and 1866, in the entire history of the slave trade to the New World, according to the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database, 12.5 million Africans were shipped to theRead MoreAfrican Authors And The African Diaspora1455 Words   |  6 PagesAnglophone Literature – Long Paper 1 African Authors and the African diaspora in the Colonist Countries This paper explores and analyses the ways in which African writers portray the African diaspora living outside of Africa in the colonial nations; of which England and France would be primary examples. The primary sources for the analyses focus on the text Our Sister Killjoy by Aidoo. House of Hunger by Marechera has been used as a secondary reference. 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Diaspora is defined as â€Å"To refer to migrants who settle in distant lands and produce new generations, all the while maintaining ties of affection with and making occasional visits to each other and their homeland.† Usually those of Jewish heritage are known for Diaspora, but aroundRead MoreThe Concept of the African Diaspora640 Words   |  3 Pagesconcept of the African Diaspora has received a lot of attention from the general public as a result of the complex ideas that it puts across. There are a series of notable figures from the nineteenth century who proved that the African Diaspora would have a significant influence on the Western World, considering that these people were determined to express their passion in regard to their background and to their overall role on the A merican continent. The concept of the African Diaspora goes back severalRead More African Diaspora Essay2370 Words   |  10 Pagessimple terms, the Diaspora as a concept, describes groups of people who currently live or reside outside the original homelands. We will approach the Diaspora from the lenses of migration; that the migration of people through out of the African continent has different points of origin, different patterns and results in different identity formations. Yet, all of these patterns of dispersion and germination/ assimilation represent formations of the Diaspora. My paper will focus Read MoreThe Conflict Of African Diaspora1616 Words   |  7 Pagesetc. According to Wendy W. Walters, â€Å"for Phillips the concept of Diaspora refuses to rest on a false binary between home and exile, and his work repeatedly mines the complicated archives of both black and white histories of slavery, exposing their endlessly interrelated natures† (112). Caryl Phillips as a black Briton traces many complex meanings of the terms Diaspora. The term African Diaspora is applied to dislocation of African people to other parts of the world. It is also applied for the descendantsRead MoreThe Exploitation Of Africans And Members Of The African Diaspora1635 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout American history, the exploitation of Africans and members of the African diaspora continues as a controversial topic among cultural critics because of America’s unwillingness to accept the flaws of its past. Discussi ons on whether the sentiments of slavery still impact people of the African diaspora are intricate. Furthermore, the marginalization of people of the African Diaspora continues to complexify the issue. Social concepts in modern America such as education, nationhood, fact makingRead MoreEssay on African Diaspora1818 Words   |  8 Pageswhat is the African diaspora? (Who should be considered in the African diaspora? How is this like the black Atlantic and how is it different?). Students should use the Colin Palmer piece to answer this question. In its most recognizable form, the African diaspora refers to the many cultures and societies abroad that exist throughout the world as the result of the historic movement, mostly forced, of native Africans to other parts of the globe. Most specifically, the African diaspora is the blanket

Essay on An Explination of Jealousy in the Crucible

Jealousy: An Explanation By: Katie Jansen Some people know jealousy as green envy. Some people just know it as plain old jealousy, but everyone knows jealousy and the pain it can cause. Jealousy is a nasty emotion, causing nice people to act mean, calm people to act rash, and even the steadiest of tempers to rise. It lashes out with harsh actions and words, hurting many innocent victims. Jealousy causes people to act in abnormal ways, devious ways of hatred and deception, ways that most people would not normally act. Ultimately, jealousy is caused by a certain insecurity that a person has. This insecurity comes from not having what you desire, allowing you to be jealous of those who have it. Three main things that cause insecurity†¦show more content†¦This jealousy is shown when Mrs. Putnam is explaining to Reverend Hale why she sent Ruth to Tituba, and Rebecca, horrified, exclaims, Goody Ann! You sent a child to conjure up the dead? Mrs. Putnam quickly defends herself, saying, Let God blame me, not you Rebecca! Il l not have you judging me anymore!(39). Mrs. Putnam is verbally attacking Rebecca because she is jealous of what she is, exactly what Mrs. Putnam wants to be. This jealousy, resulting of an insecurity from social judgment, causes people to act out in hatred towards others, and until they can get over their insecurity, the jealousy will continue, therefore allowing the hatred to continue. Part of the reason people are so concerned about social judgment is the insecurity that comes from the fear of being rejected. Everyday societys eyes rest upon advertisements supporting self- improvement, all offering ways to reduce the chance of being rejected. Once a person is insecure about rejection, or has been rejected, jealously of the ones who are not rejected is likely to follow. Abigail of The Crucible has been rejected. She had an affair with Proctor, an affair that really meant a lot to her and ended up being the catalyst of all her later actions. But Proctor, feeling guilty because of his wife, Elizabeth, breaks it off with her saying, I will cut off my hand before Ill ever reach for you again. Wipe it out of

Women in the Crucible Essay - 885 Words

The Skewed Role of Women in The Crucible The outlook on gender roles in today’s advanced society is in drastic contrast to the views portrayed in The Crucible, set in Salem, Massachusetts, in 1692. The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller, depicts women as weak creatures, who are expected to submit to men, and whose only access to power is through dishonest means. None of the females in The Crucible possess extreme power, but the truthful, pure-hearted, and family oriented women seem to be even less powerful than the others. Elizabeth Proctor and Rebecca Nurse are two of the less powerful women in The Crucible. Both of their lives are led by an instinct to serve their families and communities (Alter 1). Elizabeth Proctor is convicted in†¦show more content†¦Abigail, herself says â€Å"I want the light of God, I want the sweet love of Jesus! I danced for the Devil; I saw him; I wrote in his book; I go back to Jesus; I kiss His hand.† After proclaiming this, the re ligious officials of Salem are left, in essence, with no choice but to believe her. The main quality admired and expected of women in The Crucible is submissiveness. It is clear from the play that Salem, Massachusetts, in 1692, was largely a patriarchal society. Power in the hands of women was looked down on and even feared. Any leverage that women had was gained solely through manipulation. If the men suspected a woman of interacting with the Devil, she was expected to submit to their authority and confess her crime. If she rebelled and refused to confess, she was sentenced to death, no questions asked. However, the same was also true for men, though they were much more seldom found guilty of witchcraft. In The Crucible, women are commonly caught in lies. Not only are the manipulative girls, such as Abigail Williams, prone to lying, but Elizabeth Proctor is also caught lying. Towards the beginning of the play, when Parris and the other religious officials and witch hunters are star ting toShow MoreRelatedFemale Characters Of Women s The Crucible 1478 Words   |  6 PagesThe status of women continuously changes, however while going through the play The Crucible, women s’ social standing clearly acts as one of inferiority and subordination to male characters. This contributes greatly to the general structure of the storyline. The role of women taking place in the time of the Salem Witch Hunts in 1692, symbolizes the manipulative ways that female characters can become able to make their way to the top of society in the courts, held to a very high esteem. BackstabbingRead MoreFemale Characters Of Women s The Crucible 1478 Words   |  6 PagesThe status of women continuously changes, however while going through the play The Crucible, women s’ social standing clearly acts as one of inferiority and subordination to male characters. This contributes greatly to the general structure of the storyline. The role of women taking place in the time of the Salem Witch Hunts in 1692, symbolizes the manipulative ways that female characters can become able to make their way to the top of society in the courts, held to a very high esteem. BackstabbingRead MoreThe Portrayal of Women and Their Position in Society in Miller‚Äà ´s the Crucible1044 Words   |  5 PagesFrom the very beginning, society has seen women as inheriting the character flaw of Eve s original sin. Most people see women as lustful beings because of how Eve tempted Adam in the garden of Eden, meaning they were more susceptible to the Devil. Men target the females because of their views and the roles they play in a male dominated society. Men have a more opinionated view of a woman s duties. The Crucible portrays women as the very definition of sexual desire, open to demonic command andRead MoreAs I Lay Dying And The Crucible Essay834 Words   |  4 PagesFaulkner and The Crucible by Arthur Miller, women are perceived in ways that fit the time period they ar e written in. The Crucible deals with women being accused of witchcraft and regarded as witches. In As I Lay Dying the few women in the story, are not highly regarded or of high status. Both authors depict women in different ways, but with similar attitude towards women. Even though The Crucible and As I Lay Dying were works from different time periods, the portrayal of women in both works haveRead More Comparison Between The Crucible by Arthur Miller and Vinegar Tom by C. Churchill627 Words   |  3 PagesComparison Between The Crucible by Arthur Miller and Vinegar Tom by C. Churchill We are currently performing a piece of drama called The Crucible and have studied a play called Vinegar Tom. The Crucible was written by Arthur Miller in 1953 and was set in Salem, Massachusetts USA in 1692. Vinegar Tom was written in the 1970s and was set in the 17th century. Although Vinegar Tom was written about the 17th century, the ideas parallel those of the issues of the 1970s. The issue was Read MoreThe Crucible Weaknesses1336 Words   |  6 Pagesfear of failure. In â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, some characters succeed through tough tasks and others accept defeat. Abigail Williams is a 17 year old girl who wants to have a good reputation in the town, but she also takes many interesting actions to boost her reputation. John Proctor is a wealthy farmer who is married to Elizabeth Proctor. John gets into a heated conflict with his wife after she finds out about the affair he had with Abigail Williams. In â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, AbigailRead MoreIn Today’S Society Women May Have Their Full Rights, But902 Words   |  4 PagesIn today’s society women may have their full rights, but they are still not respected. They have more say so in their lives, but men overpower them with their leadership and hard-working techniques. In the Crucible women had a routine r ole. They were forced to go to church, cook, and clean for the house and family. Women also experienced beatings from the man in the house. The difference in women in the 1950s and the women in the crucible, is that many of the roles stay the same. Not much has reallyRead MoreThe Crucible1591 Words   |  7 PagesThe Crucible Many different parts form together to make up the society we see in The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller. Whether it be religion, government, or social roles; they all play some sort of impacting part to the characters we met while watching The Crucible. Who knew that religion and government could change a person’s life in a matter of minutes like it did so many times throughout the movie. The characters like Abigail Williams and John Proctor both knew the risks of going againstRead MoreThe Lord of the Flies by William Golding776 Words   |  3 PagesThe novel Lord of the Flies presents the themes of evil and sin as an innate, inevitable and negative feature throughout the novel, similar to the play The Crucible. William Golding uses Lord of the Flies as an allegory to present evil and sin through different symbols within the novel, with boys being trapped on an island. Arthur Miller presents evil and sin through a contextual, Puritan society within various characters. Ev en though both writers present these themes, Golding presents it in theRead MoreThemes in The Crucible by Arthur Miller Essay773 Words   |  4 Pagesliterary work, there are themes. A theme is a broad idea, moral or message of a book or story. One individual may construe the themes of a book or story differently than another, but that is the pure beauty of themes. One great literary work is The Crucible, a play written by Arthur Miller. Succinctly, the play is about the Salem witch trials that took place in Massachusetts in 1692. Throughout the story, the townspeople indict their neighbors of being a witch and practicing witchcraft. On the surface

An Analysis of Cathedral - 822 Words

An Analysis of Cathedral Cathedral, written by Raymond Carver, is a short story that explores the narrator’s insecurities and fears of what he does not understand and through the progression of the story is enlightened by the man he fears. The short story Cathedral is a story of the narrators’ wife’s old friend coming to visit. The friend, Robert, is a man that she knew ten years before and has kept in contact with since. The two correspond via tape recordings on a regular basis. The wife tells Robert of all goings on in her life and Robert responds in kind. Robert’s wife has died and he will be close enough to come and visit his old friend. Cathedral is written in the first person and is narrated by the husband character. The†¦show more content†¦Robert being sightless did not preclude him from having insight. The narrator had drawn a picture for a blind man, and for a time he himself was sightless, and they both could see the product of their labor. The story Cathedral is about a man who is insecure in his relationship, uncommunicative, and fearful of the unknown. He meets Robert, a blind man, and through Robert’s persistence they begin to get to know one another. The narrator eventually becomes enlightened to the fact that the unknown is nothing to fear and that sight isn’t necessary to see what is around him. References Carver, R. (1983) Cathedral. Retrieved 1 May, 2011, from https://content.ashford.edu/books/AUENG125.10.2/sections/sec8.3 Clugston, R. W. (2010), Journey into literature. San Diego: Bridgepoint Education. Retrieved 1 May, 2011, fromShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Story Cathedral 1734 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Cathedral is a famous short story by American writer and poet Raymond Carver. The story was first published in The Atlantic Monthly in 1981 and appeared in The Americas Best Short Stories in 1982. In the short story cathedral, the unnamed narrator’s wife’s blind friend is coming to visit. The narrator isn’t thrilled about his wife’s blind friend coming to visit nor is he happy that the man is blind. Later in the evening the narrator experiences a life changing realization of the trueRead More Cathedral Analysis Paper: Milan Cathedral2671 Words   |  11 Pages All over the world, people still come to admire the beauty of European cathedrals. Many of the cathedrals are fragile due to age, neglect, pollution, and insufficient funds available to restore these historical and magnificent buildings. Nevertheless, visitors to these architectural masterpieces are fascinated by the design and structure of these churches. The cathedral builders using their own inge nuity, expertise, and limited resources were able to defy the laws of gravity and time. (Icher 30) Read MoreAnalysis Of Cathedral By Raymond Carver Essay830 Words   |  4 PagesMistakable Judgments An Analysis of â€Å"Cathedral† Raymond Carver wrote a long-lived short story name â€Å"Cathedral†. Where a divorced women remarried after a hard experience to a person who is struggling to accept his wife’s very long relationship with a blind man. Her new husband suspiciousness controls his emotions and draw his thoughts falsely. As her very old friendship was having an unfortunate event that his wife had passed away, he arranged with her a visit to their house, which concerned herRead MoreAnalysis Of The Narrator Cathedral 1280 Words   |  6 Pages Nicole Deyanira Espino Professor Marybeth Rua-Larsen English 102 6 October 2015 In â€Å"Cathedral†, looking is affiliated more to physical vision, but seeing requires a deeper level of thoughtfulness. The narrator displays the capability of looking but cannot display the capability of seeing into such depths. The narrator’s whole idea of blindness came from the movies. He said blind people moved slow, were mostly led by dogs, were always serious and never laughed. But that just shows how ignorantRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story Cathedral 936 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Cathedral† is all about inner vision. It throws light into the fact that inner vision is more vital than physical vision. It covers various areas of life: intimacy of relations, importance of communication, need for love and care in relations, trust etc. The story is about a husband, wife and a blind man who is the narrators wife’s friend named Robert. Robert is a blind man, but he has got good insight than the narrator who hardly understands the feelings of people. When the narrator comes toRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story The Cathedral 989 Words   |  4 PagesEveryone has been guilty of putting someone else down, for personal gain. Ego is associated with confidence and often clouds our perception of others, making us feel superior to others and that is portrayed in these three short stories. Short story â€Å"Cathedral,† narrated by a husband who expresses his feelings toward his wife’s legally blind old friend and former boss, Robert. Robert had lost his wife to cancer recently and was invited by the narrated wife to stay with she and her husband for a littleRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie Cathedral Essay1478 Words   |  6 PagesDiana Vences English 111 Charles Grogg September 21, 2016 Cathedral Short stories for the most part conclude with a complicated idea that most of the time it is up to the reader to figure out. To figure out the deeper meaning. Reading between the lines. Assume the worst or best for this main character. And the goal for the author is of course for the reader to take this underlying message and apply it to their own life. To take is into consideration. The most influenced and persuaded open mindedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Story Cathedral 1351 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Cathedral† The story â€Å"Cathedral† demonstrates that lack of sight does not necessarily prevent one from perceiving things as they are, or live their life to the fullest. In the story, a middle-age blind man, who is a friend to the narrator’s wife, and used to be her boss at one point, visits the narrator and his wife. The narrator has never interacted with blind people before, and all he knew about blind people was what he had seen on television. Blind people are stereotypically portrayed on televisionRead MoreAnalysis Of Raymond Carver s Cathedral 1648 Words   |  7 Pages Cathedral is a capitivating story based on the lives of the narrator, his wife and a blind man. Raymond Carver is the author of this story, and he does an excellent job allowing the reader to delve into the lives of these characters. Through using the thoughts of the narrator, the reader is able to grab our attention because the story is made more realistic. The views expressed by the narrator in many senses exemplify the views of many in society and therefore the reader is able to make an emotionalRead MoreAnalysis Of Notre Dame Cathedral1022 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Notre-Dame Cathedral on the  Ile de la Cite  in  Paris is one of the most recognised Gothic structures of medieval Europe. It is considered a fine example of new architectural strategies of the twelfth century, as well as a symbol of socio-political power of the Catholic Church within this period (Swaan, 1988). Therefore, the cathedrals design and construction highlight advances in art and building strategies throughout the history of European culture. This essay is going to discuss Notre-Dame

DBQ Era of Good Feeling AP US History free essay sample

The Era of Good Feeling by historians. Some people believe that this Is an accurate label of this time period, but others disagree. Due to the emergence of sectionalism- concern with local interests, and nationalism- patriotic feelings and self pride, people had mixed feelings about this time period. Many people felt that times were high, and that nationalism and sectionalism could only bolster the union, while others thought that It was sectionalism and nationalism that caused disunion. Some of the documents used in his essay support the claim that the period after 1812 was an era of good feelings. Other documents will oppose this claim with proof from their own perspectives. Document B discusses the wonders that the growth of nationalism has done for the union. John Calhoun writes that before the war, the Republic was In a state of disunion. He then goes on to say that the republic should bind together to conquer space. We will write a custom essay sample on DBQ Era of Good Feeling AP US History or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Doc 3). The celebration of July 4th 1819 after the Republicans had won the Battle of New Orleans (Doc C) shows a great deal of nationalism and self pride. Thomas Jefferson wrote In a letter to John Randolph that he once considered sectionalism to be the death of the union, but it was a reprieve, not a final sentence. He says thata geographical line will never be obliterated, and that every new irritation will mark it deeper and deeper. (Doc F). These documents show how some people felt that this time period was accurately labeled as The Era of Good Feeling. Alternatively, many people also felt that the period of time after The War of 1812 was not an era of prosperity, but rather Just the opposite. John Randolph expresses is feelings in Document A by saying that the agriculturists bear the whole brunt of the war and taxation, and remain poor, while the others run In the ring of pleasure, and fatten upon them. (Doc. A). The McCulloch vs. Maryland case of 1819 also states that the powers of government are delegated by the states who alone possesses supreme dominion. (Doc. D). The case says that it would be difficult to sustain this proposition. Anna Hayes Johnson of South Carolina wrote to her cousin In North Carolina complaining about the unhappy business which has filled with onsternation all our city and how nothing can save them. She writes that fifty to sixty percent of the leaders are in Jail, and twenty of them have been convicted and sentenced. (Doc. G). The people living during this time period do not seem to think as highly of It as the people discussed In the previous paragraph did. Documents E and I both portray different feelings about this era. Document H is a political map that exemplifies sectionalism perfectly. During the presidential election of 1820, James Monroe won every vote but one, but in 1824, the votes were split up etween four different candidates, and the results were Just as varied.

Competition Consumer Commission Australian â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Competition Consumer Commission Australian? Answer: Introduction: On 12th December 2013, High court provides the decision in case ACCC v TPG Internet Pty Ltd. In this case, company was represented by the Truman Hoyle from the commencement of the case. Firstly application was filed by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) in the Federal Court for getting injunction on urgent basis, and this application was successfully defended in 2010 through the hearing before the Murphy J. Later, TPG file successful appeal to the Full Federal Court, and decision of the Full Federal Court was overturned by High Court in the appeal of ACCC. This paper states, decision made by all three Courts and their reasoning. Subsequently paper is concluded with brief conclusion. Facts of the case: During the period of 2010 and 2011, a multi-media advertisement campaign was conducted by the TPG, and advertisement published by the company reflects that company provide unlimited ADSL2+ service only for $29.99 per month. economics, consumers need to bundle these internet services with the telephone connection of their home for $30 per month. Company also charged additional $149.95 as set-up fee and telephone charges. It must be noted that all these additional cost were not disclosed by the company in their advertisement, and these cost were considered as hidden additional cost. ACCC file claim against the TPG that advertisement published by TPG was deceptive and misleading nature, as it contravenes section 52 and 53 of the Trade Practice Act and also section 18 and 29 of the Australian Consumer law. In this case, claim of ACCC was upheld by the primary judge and primary judge imposed pecuniary penalty of $2 million. Appeal was filed by the TPG against this decision of primary Judge to the to the Full Court, and Full court set aside the decision of the Primary judge and reduce the penalty order up to $50000. ACCC file appeal to the High Court against the decision of the Full Court, and High Court set aside the decision of Full Court (battersby, 2013). Reasoning and decision of all three Courts: Primary Judge upheld the application made by ACCC against the TPG, and also imposed pecuniary penalty on TPG of $2 million. Three perspectives were considered by the primary judge while deciding this case, and all these three perspectives are stated below: Bundling- Primary judge stated that it was the primary obligation of the company to clarify the effect of bundling in their advertisement. Judge further stated, company was also obliged to mention the exact amount of the services charged by the company without misleading the consumer. In this company charged hidden cost from their clients after consumer opt for services. Consumers were misled by the TPG, because company mention wrong amount in the advertisement for the internet services. Primary judge clarify the targeted audience in this case, and held that were those people who does not possess high level of knowledge related to the broadband services or those also who use the internet services for the first time (Federal Court of Australia, 2012). Setup Fee- in this context primary judge held, generally setup fee was charged from those consumers who opts the services of the company for less two periods, and company must provide information related to this cost to the consumer before providing the services. In this case, setup fee was not stated by the company in the advertisement, and because of this consumers assumed that company does not charge any setup fee. Advertisement published by the company only state $29.99 as internet charges which clearly misled the consumers about the charges of the internet services. Single price- for single price primary judge stated, it was necessary for the company to mention final price in the advertisement, and such price must be calculated after considering all the inclusions. In this, TPG does not stated final price in the advertisement related to the internet connection, rather company mention lowest cost in the advertisement which misled the consumers and after that company add additional charges. Therefore, Conduct of the company was considered as misleading and deceptive. Full Court: In this case, Full Court does not persuade that conclusions of primary Judge were wrong related to the initial advertisement on television. Full Court stated, conclusion made by primary judge in respect of section 53C (1) (c) does not contain any appealable error. Full Court further stated that revised television advertisement issued by TPG, financial and revised advertisements on radio, initial and revised advertisements on newspaper, initial and revised online advertisements and public transport advertisements were not misled the consumers. Conclusion of the full Court was different from the primary judge related to the important message of the advertisement which state whether published advertisement was misleading the consumers. For this purpose, full Court adopted the principle introduced by Gibbs CJ in case law Parkdale Custom Built Furniture Pty Ltd v Puxu Pty Ltd. Gibs CJ stated that it was not right to consider only the words of complaint conduct, and ignore other words which gave meaning to the particular words. Full Court further stated, consumers to whom this advertisement was directed must have some familiarity with the market for the provision of broadband services, and they know very well that these services are offered for sale either bundled or standalone (Federal Court of Australia, 2012). High Court: Majority number of judges allowed the appeal made by ACCC against the decision of the Full Court of the federal Court of Australia. High Court stated that TPG was engaged in the conduct which was misleading and deceptive in nature under the provisions of Trade Practice Act and schedule 2 of Australian Consumer law. While providing their decision High Court consider various important terms and also provide various important statement of principles. Some of these Principles are stated below: High Court stated that target audience does not pay close attention to the advertisement and it only considers the general thrust. Attention in respect of the advertisement by the ordinary person can be considered as perfunctory, and it was not possible to consider the failure of consumer to take reasonable care of their interest. High Court further stated that high chances of error were present in this case, and exact link was present in the advertisement and the error on the part of the consumer. It was not possible to cure the earlier breach through subsequent conduct. High court further stated, Full Court wrongly applied the principles of PUXU case in this case, because in PUXU case company was selling the furniture which was possible to check before the purchase, but in this case company was providing the internet services and it was not possible to check the internet services before purchasing. Therefore, principle of PUXU case was not applied in this case (High Court, 2013). Conclusion: In this case, matter was decided by three Court and while deciding the matter all three Courts provide different reasons for their decision. Lastly, High Court overturned the decision of full Court and imposed penalty of $2million on the company. References: Battersby, M. (2013). accounting and the ACL: Fine print couldn't save TPG Internet in the High Court. Viewed at: https://www.claytonutz.com/knowledge/2013/december/advertising-and-the-acl-fine-print-couldn-t-save-tpg-internet-in-the-high-court. Accessed on 16th September 2017. Federal Court of Australia, (2012). Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v TPG Internet Pty Ltd (No 2) [2012] FCA 629 (15 June 2012). Viewed at: https://posh.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/cases/cth/FCA/2012/629.html. Accessed on 16th September 2017. Federal Court of Australia, (2012). TPG Internet Pty Ltd v Australian Competition and Consumer management [2012] FCAFC 190 (20 December 2012). Viewed at: https://www6.austlii.edu.au/cgi-bin/viewdoc/au/cases/cth/FCAFC/2012/190.html. Accessed on 16th September 2017. High Court, (2013). Australian competition and consumer commission v TPG internet Pty ltd (m98/2013). Viewed at: https://www.hcourt.gov.au/assets/cases/m98-2013/M98-2013.pdf. Accessed on 16th September 2017. Trade Practices Act 1974- Section 52. Trade Practices Act 1974- Section 53.

Common App Essay Topics - How To Come Up With Great App Write Topics

Common App Essay Topics - How To Come Up With Great App Write TopicsHow do you go about looking for good common app essay topics? Writing an app is not like writing an essay. And, if you are new to writing, it can be overwhelming at first to try to figure out how to make your apps stand out from the competition.There are three things you want to do before you look for app essay topics: your theme, the keywords you want and a good sample to use as a guide. The key to an app is that it needs to have unique content, something people would not be able to find anywhere else. It is very important that your content is unique.The key to having an interesting app is to make sure that you have your theme in place before you start looking for common app essay topics. If you have already decided on a theme, it will help you write the title and the body of your app to relate it to your theme.For example, if you are writing a Christmas app, the keyword that will help you with the title of your app is Christmas. You will want to write your app title in a way that is related to the keywords you choose. You want to create the feeling that there is a connection between the keywords and the title.The keyword for your app is going to be extremely important, so think about what your app title will be and how you will be using it in the content of your app. You will want to be keyword rich in order to get traffic to your app. The more keywords you use, the better chance you have of being able to get lots of traffic to your app and get it to rank well on the search engines.The keywords you are going to use will actually be the most important part of how you will go about creating your app. However, there are other apps out there that will be using the same keywords, so your app is not the only one that will need to stand out from the crowd. You will need to come up with your own keywords that are specific to your app's topic.A free tool to use is Google's Keyword Tool. You can use it to see what the competition is using in their apps and if you are already thinking about what keywords you want to use, you can use the tool to see if you can rank higher than the competition.

The Lady of Shallot Lady of Shalotts Essay Example For Students

The Lady of Shallot Lady of Shalotts Essay The Lady of Shallot Alfred, Lord Tennyson, was known for his pictorial poetry, characterizes as painterly, picturesque with visual detail and images that represent mood, situation and carry emotion (ENG 103 Lecture on Victorian Age and Literature). The imagery of emotion is especially evident in the poets depiction of nature, in the form of melancholy. In examining The Lady of Shallot, the sense of eminent gloom of destiny is illustrated. Through the personification of nature, a vivid glimpse into a lady doomed by her fate. A picture is illuminated in the description 0f where the lady dwells. The reader gets a feel for the separation of the lady and her threatening destiny, in the imagery of her natural surroundings. This can be seen with Willows whiten, aspens whiten, aspens quiver, /little breezes dusk and shiver (The Longman Anthology Of British Literature, p. We will write a custom essay on The Lady of Shallot Lady of Shalotts specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now 1913, LL. 10-11). The fear brought on by quiver and Shiver, suggests the nature elements know what lies ahead, which is Camelot. The fearful destiny of the lady can be visualized with the description of her isolation on an island, in which the river is flowing down to Camelot. The melancholy brought about by the personification of nature is echoed in the constant imagery of death. The picture of the bringer of death preparing for funeral projects the melancholy associated with death. Nobody can see the lady, yet a few can her song. The few include a foreshadowing of a funeral attendant, a Willow-veil and natures influence with by the moon the reaper weary (19,33). Emotions develop through imagery of the changing weather. As the lady sees Lancelot, the sky is All in the blue unclouded weather (91). This may depict a happy attraction of the lady sees him likened by nature with His broad clear brow in sunlight glow (100). However the weather shifts with emotion after the lady discoveries her curse is a melancholic death, when she decides to leave Shallot in pursuit of Lancelot. The imagery, mournful of her destined death with heaven waiting in The pale yellow woods were waning, /The broad streaming his banks complaining, /Heavily the low sky raining. The Lady of Shallot is an excellent example of Tennysons use of nature delicately woven into human emotions. Both visual and soulful, the poem produces beautiful images how nature can effectively portrays those emotions. . Tennyson was a master at bringing sensitivity towards human bonds with nature otherwise often overlooked. The picturesque elements of this Victorian Poem help to unravel the complexities of emotion and nature are intertwined.

Students Are the Best Audience for Who to Write a Book at College

Students Are the Best Audience for Who to Write a Book at College Students Are the Best Audience for Who to Write a Book at College If you are a student and have decided to become a writer, you must consider each step carefully. Becoming a famous writer does not happen overnight. You may not know who to write a book for. As you are a college student, it makes sense to write for the student audience. If you are interested in writing novels, it is a good idea to start with something a bit easier, like tutorials for your fellow mates. This way, you can listen to feedback, find and develop your own style in writing. Here are five topics to write about in order to engage the student audience. 1. How to Become an Expert in Academic Writing All college students have to write papers on one subject or another. Some students find writing papers extremely difficult and stressful, so writing on academic issues is a great idea at college. Walk your fellow students through the different aspects of writing: brainstorming a topic, creating the first draft, then proofreading and editing. Include tips on styling, organization, vocabulary usage, perhaps even grammar and punctuation. Your readers are sure to appreciate the comprehensive guide on academic writing. 2. Problems of Student Life and How to Cope with Them Student life is complicated, so a book about how to cope with college successfully could be a real winner within the student audience. Think about problems you have experienced as a student and how you have solved them. Also you can give practical advice about college, supplying with entertaining stories of your own experience. You can write about typical college student problems, like living on a student budget, adjusting to life in college, dealing with a roommate and living in dorms, eating at the dining halls, etc. 3. How to Become an A Student Balancing grades, living in society and adjusting to a new place is pretty challenging, isn’t it? Thus, you could write a book concerning these issues. Such a guide surely will be helpful for a plenty of students. A comprehensive guide on choosing classes and professors, studying for college exams will be a real hit within college students. 4. Establishing Relations in College All humans want to be in love and to build relationships, and college students are not an exception. Dating in college can be complicated experience, so many students will be engaged to read a guide on how to make connections with the opposite sex. Fill your book with funny stories about your own dating experience, or ask your close friends to share their experience with you and include their best stories. 5. A Practical Guide for College We have already discussed that the tips on how to deal with typical college problems will be the best idea for the book. Nevertheless, what about the guide for student everyday life, especially for newbies? First year students could use practical advice on how to register for classes, how to choose the best ones, how to ensure they are on track for their degrees, how to join a fraternity or sorority, maybe even how to do laundry! You could even gift such a guide for your college or university so people will know about you really fast and your fame will come faster! If you are interested in becoming a novelist, here are a few topics you can write about to sharpen your writing skills, practice your own style, and find the target audience.

Financial strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial strategies - Essay Example or events during this financial year and is poised to hold much more in future due to the tremendous encouragement and support it has been receiving for its events, both large and small. AoC Management Services conference and events team focus on arranging conferences and meets of all shapes and hues, right from small workshops for 10 delegates to major residential events for up to 1500 delegates. It is seen that 50% of these events are run on an annual basis, such as the AoCs Annual Meets and the AoC Human Resources Conference. The team also organizes a variety of national events based on current issues faced by the educational institutions in this sector. There are events that range between one to three days, and regularly include entertainment, gala dinners, awards ceremonies and special activities for delegates. On the other hand; Informa Plc has nearly 49% of their business from event management programs while the rest of the business is from training and general management consultancy services. Background of both companies: For Informa Plc, Revenues for the first half year 2009 was  £636.3m, which is 1.4% higher than the corresponding period in 2008. Similarly, adjusted profits were higher at 4.6% reaching  £146m. It is believed that the relative strengthening of US $ and Euro â‚ ¬ has been the major reasons for the improved performance during the first half of the year 2009. Its real effect, however, has been in terms of contributing dramatically or staging recoveries, to a certain extent. Thus the losses caused by strengthening of Pound Sterling during earlier periods were balanced. However, it is seen that its operating profits have declined in the year under reference, coming down from  £77.7m in the first half of 2008 to just  £61.1m during the corresponding period in the year 2009, showing a fall of  £16.6M. There are several factors which could explain this decline in profits, including  £10.8m of business restructuring costs and yet another  £ 50m

W.L. Gore and Associates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

W.L. Gore and Associates - Essay Example The term, "employee" is not used at Gore, but associate. There are no bosses, directors or secretaries, but small teams where people know each others strengths and weaknesses. This can be a difficult situation to adjust to for new hires from traditional companies. When Diane Davidson was hired due to her fifteen years of experience a sales executive she did not know what to do without a boss dictating her actions. She was informed that her team was her boss because she would not want to let them down. Everyone is the boss and no one. (Deutschman, 2004). The philosophy is to nurture talents like Davidson's by allowing the natural abilities of people to emerge in an environment that encourages new ideas. The new hire is assigned a sponsor who is a mentor, not a supervisor. Leadership should develop naturally relative to each new project and leaders need to also be followers as necessary. This associate culture can take up to six months to learn and that is expected. The new hire might feel strange not contributing when the rest of the team is, but getting to know the other members is vital to this strategy. The representative of Gore's human resources team states that the power behind the associate culture is to encourage people to believe in their potential and in their contributions to the team effort (Moore, 2006). W.L.Gore manufactures a wide range of products that include the w... The company does not supervise the development of new inventions, but does encourage employees to spend 10% of their time on new, innovative ides-not variations on products already on the market. Self-motivation is a prime factor at Gore and the wide range of products requires the input of intelligent, creative people who must be able to work independently and with a group (Moore, 2006). As unusual as the Gore corporate structure is, the turnover rate is very low. The Sunday Times listed Gore as in the top 100 best companies for employment (McCall, 2004). Of the associates surveyed 92% said they believed that they made a valuable contribution to the company's success and 93% stated that they would miss working for Gore if they left (Doke, 2006). An important aspect of the associate culture is that it removes the cut throat type of competition generated in traditional hierarchy corporations. There one person's success often means the failure of another employee. This philosophy attracts the talent that Gore desires as it employs over 58,000 people in the United States, Britain, Scotland and Germany. The turn over rate is only 6% world wide with over 40% of associates being with Gore over five years (Dow, 2004). W.L. Gore and Associates states that they encourage hands-on innovation, involving those closest to a project in on the decision making (Gore 2006). Freedom and cooperation produce good results. Gore is willing to take risks when other companies will not leading to new and successful products like the Elixir guitar strings coated with thin plastic of protect the strings from the dirt and oil on human hands. The associate who first thought of the idea was engineer Dave Myers who designed plastic heart implants. He believed that a

Person Centred Care for Dementia Patients

Person Centred Care for Dementia Patients Ingrid Joy Moreno Castaneda Abstract This paper presents the different aspects of person-centred approach in the promotion of health to the elderly with dementia and other geriatric health conditions. The principles of individuality, rights, choice, privacy, independence, dignity, respect and autonomy are discussed. Impacts of equality, culture and diversity in the provision of person-centred approach are also presented within the scope of public health, health promotion, attitudes toward health and the demand for healthcare. The non-person-centred approach namely institution perspective and bio-medical perspective are also reviewed. By gathering information through the internet, other approaches to the provision of healthcare to the elderly are also discussed and presented so as to give us a better view of the different approaches that facilities might be using and help us understand the structure of care available. Introduction We are all unique in every way, although we may come from one cultural background and even from the same family, we possess our own set of traits that make up our identity. Similar yet different in many ways. Regardless where life takes us, I believe that each and every one of us has the right to be respected and as we grow older, we continue to live life with dignity. Health providers are continuously looking for ways to make the provision of health be of quality. With dementia and elderly care, a number of approaches are being practices in order to make their services suit to the needs of the clients trying to put into account the complexity of each person. The Task Person-centred approach puts the elderly with dementia the centre of care. It is a holistic approach where the elderly works in partnership with the care giver and the family in maintaining, promoting, and enhancing a quality of life for the elderly with dementia. Question 1 Person-Centred Approach is the manner of care that focuses on the person as a whole and as an individual. Its care recognizes the uniqueness of the person, his personality and personal identity which all contributes to the person’s identity. It supports the person with dementia in all aspect of his or her needs and not just on the physical aspect of care. There are a number of principles that are inter-related with each other in this approach. One principle co-exists with the other and the absence of one will make it difficult for this approach to be a success. This approach allows personal growth of the elderly towards self-actualization leading to proper coping with the changes that comes with old age. Individuality is what sets a person apart from others. It is that set of qualities or characters that distinguishes a person’s uniqueness. This is an approach that focuses on dealing with the person’s subjective view of life. Basing care from the elderly’s achievements, abilities and desires at the same time treating them with respect and dignity as a person. A right is what is due to the person. The approach focuses on the elderly’s right to make his own choices on how to live life. It also supports the person to make his own decisions regarding his care and even allowing him the right to experience â€Å"bad decisions.† Choice. In person-centred approached the elderly is empowered to make informed choices on how to deal with things and on what they want to do and face the consequences after each decision. Privacy is of great importance in this approach. Confidentiality is kept at all times. The elderly’s principles and views of something are not to be discussed with others without the consent of the person involved. This also includes the person’s personal date even past experiences. This is also the reason why when rendering care to residents the doors of the room are kept closed to provide privacy for the client. Independence is having the capability to do things on your own. In this approach it supports the person to be on his own and in order to allow this, the care provider safeguards the environment and puts out assistive devices like handrails to allow movement with a level of independence. And if capable the elderly is allowed to go out of the facility provided with proper identification. Dignity is being worthy of respect. In here the person with dementia is viewed beyond the disease and his views and principles are honoured. This approach allows the elderly to live according to his moral principles. Respect in person-centred approach gives high regard for the elderly putting into consideration the person’s achievements, abilities and qualities. The elderly is allowed to uphold his own beliefs and values without being judged. Autonomy is letting the elderly in full control of his care. This principle is possible in a healthcare facility when the elderly is given the right information about his diagnosis and give them the chance to understand fully their health condition in order for them to make informed decisions about their care. Question 2 Institution perspective focuses on the set of rules and guidelines by the institution. In here the care providers patterns their plans of care abiding to the set of rules of the facility or institution. Like for instances when the client is still capable of going out, he will not be allowed to do so if it is not allowed in the facility promoting safety for the client. Also in cases when the rule is for residents to have their meals in the dining area, then all clients will have to be there during mealtime and will not have the option to have it in a tray in their room not unless if they are not well enough to do so but their nutritional needs are met by a prepared well balanced meal. Institution perspective puts the laws and rules of the institution and its adherence to it as top priority rather than the desires and needs of the clients but still addressing the health, social, emotional and physical well-being of the elderly. Bio-medical perspective deals with the medical aspect of dementia. It starts with setting the medical diagnosis of the disease basing it from the signs and symptoms manifested by the client. Signs and symptoms of dementia vary from one person to another but in order to diagnose it as dementia, it must have at least two impairments from the core elements namely: memory, communication and language, ability to focus, reasoning and judgment and visual perception. This perspective emphasizes that the disease is progressive in nature with minimal hope for the future and intervention is focused of drug treatment. Question 3 Reality-Orientation Approach is presenting information to the person with dementia, re-orienting the person with the date, time, his or her current location and the person and the situation to bring him back to reality. For those with dementia, there is a need for constant re orientation and reminder of the now. It is important to ask them if they know where they are, and tell time the date, the day, time of the day and even sharing information about what is happening in the society to keep them up to date to issues. Care providers can all build a conversation by asking the elderly about his family, their whereabouts, and how they are, this can also be a way to assess the extent of memory loss of the elderly and provide updated information should there be a need. Pictures, clocks, calendars and reading materials can also be used to help the client be oriented of important things and be a clear indication of ‘today.’ Validation approach is acknowledging what the elderly with Alzheimer’s disease is experiencing. Usually this approach is used with people in the late stage of Alzheimer’s. In most cases, when an elderly is on the late stage of the disease they manifest certain gestures or behaviour that may seem abnormal and incomprehensible. These mannerisms are indications of what the elderly is trying to convey. Unlike the reality-orientation approach where there is the reorientation of facts, here the thoughts of the elderly are accepted as it is no matter how bizarre it may be, it is seen as a reality either one belonging in the present or in the past. The care provider empathizes with the elderly by putting oneself in the shoes of the elderly and seeing things with the eyes of the client, at her or his level and stand point. The approach does not deny nor judge the thoughts of the elderly no matter how abnormal it is thus, reducing the elderly’s stress, enhancing dignity, p romoting happiness for the elderly and understanding the meaning of the behaviour for the elderly. When the care giver steps into the shoe of the elderly they may get to understand that this abnormal behaviour may be a manifestation of the elderly’s unfinished issues and somehow can help in resolving these issues. Since the elderly’s thoughts are not denied and rejected by the care giver, he or she is able to build trust thus encouraging good communication. Assistive technologies are devices or gadgets that are products of technology that are beneficial to the elderly with dementia. These are gadgets that can be used to make the elderly’s life easier and near to normal as can be and live a life with dignity. To name a few of these devices, we have the hearing aids to help those who are experiencing hearing loss to help them in proper oral communication. Even items which have censor like faucets and lamps make it easy for the elderly to use these items. Digital clocks are even of great help for them to tell the time. Radio and television sets make it easy for them to know the currents events through the news. In some instances the elderly can also be track using tracking devices to know their whereabouts should they be out of the vicinity. Phones are also a product of technology which allows constant communication of the elderly with the family no matter the time and distance. There is also what it called telecare, which are gadge ts that help the care provide in rendering care, like hoist to help in mechanically moving the elderly. There are also gadgets like digital thermometer and blood pressure to make vital signs monitoring easier and convenient. Holistic Approach focuses on four aspect of care for the elderly, the environment, the communication between the recipient of care and the provider, nutrition and the activity of the client. The care provider should make the environment or living space of the elderly free of clutter and with safety features like hand rails so as to allow maximum movement for the client with less anxiety. The environment should also be free of unnecessary noise for sometimes this can make the elderly agitated. The care provider should also nurture a good verbal and non-verbal communication with the elderly. If the elderly is not a native of the country and has limited vocabulary then it is just necessary that someone should stand as an interpreter so as for interactive communication to take place. In cases when the elderly cannot talk but can read and comprehend, then care provider can make use of visual materials for communication like pen and paper. The health of the client is also given importance by establishing a nutritional plan starting with the assessment of the nutritional demands of the client and then structuring the diet of the client according to his or her nutritional needs. The care provider should also organize a series of activities for the client may it be physical or mental in nature. Activity like show and tell is an opportunity for the client to show something and express his or her thoughts about it. Then there are also board games or memory games that will help the client put their thinking capabilities to use. There also a number of activities that require a little physical movement like pin bowling which can also be a source of exercise for the client. Alternative therapy: Music and Art Therapies. Music therapy makes use of music to set the mood of the client and to connect emotions and feelings between the client and care provider. Mellow tunes can help soothe the emotion of the client and music of different eras can also evoke feelings from the client by reminiscing past life experiences. Here the client may also be given the option to choose the kind of music he or she wants to listen to. Clapping and dancing are also encouraged to add in the enjoyment. Art therapies should be that which are not too childish to avoid demeaning the clients. Care givers can assist the clients to start their art work and then they can put their feelings and thoughts into the art activity then they are encouraged and asked to tell the stories behind their work. The activity should give clients the ample time to do their art work putting into consideration capabilities of the elderly and that they don’t have to finish everything in one sitting to prevent putting stress and anxiety on the clients. Question 4 Public Health and Health Promotion Public health focuses on the promotion of health and the enhancement of life by taking measures and interventions that will prevent and treat dementia and other geriatric health conditions. This is a combined effort by the private and government health sectors, communities and individuals. In New Zealand, the ministry of health allots a budget for the health promotion of the aging citizens. This benefit is for all New Zealand citizens regardless of culture. The health care providers stand by the principle of equality in rendering care. They give the same kind of care to their clients treating them all as equals. In the provision of person-centred approach to individuals with dementia within public health and health promotion, there might be an issue with regards to cultural diversity. Yes, there is equality in the sense that every citizen of the country is given the right to have access to this health benefits regardless of cultural background and with this in mind, it is safe to say that these services are assumed to be what the general population needs not putting into account that this is a country with a diversity of culture. Attitudes to health and demand for healthcare The attitude we have towards health greatly varies on the cultural background that one has. And thus how we value health will also relate to the demand for healthcare. How we live out life during the younger years will result to the health condition that one will have in the aging years. The family and the cultural preferences play a great role in the choices of food that we eat even in people with dementia or other geriatric health conditions. According to the Ministry of Health (2003), a significant issue for Pacific households here in New Zealand is the affordability of food. They are most likely to report that they sometimes run out of food due to financial strains compared to the Maori and the Europeans. This would only mean that the elderly will not have the sufficient amount of nutrients in their day to day diet. Question 5 The different health sector standards and codes of practice basically set the guideline for the person-centred approach in the sense that it covers the entirety of the approach. As what these codes of practice states, every person has the right to be treated with respect. Just like the approach it has it emphasis on the person as an individual who has every right to respect. These codes practice also recognizes the individuality and uniqueness of every one and states that one should not be discriminated for his age, cultural background, religious and political opinion, etc. Just like that in the person-centred approach towards people with dementia and with other geriatric health conditions they should be from discrimination. Privacy and safety are of great importance also as stipulated in the various codes of practice and in the person-centred approach. Although with dementia or other geriatric health conditions, the elderly should viewed as an individual pass his or her health condi tion that comes with age. Recommendation: I highly recommend that for facilities who offer services to the elderly with dementia and with other geriatric health conditions they must try to group their elderly accordingly, those with similar principles, personal backgrounds and traits, in this manner they can somehow establish the necessary routines and activities that would suit the group’s personalities. Even with the distribution of food, they can group this in a way that would give them the right nourishment at the same time giving the clients the opportunity to eat the kind of food that they have grown with for this too is a part of their identity. When healthcare providers try to give a personal level in the provision of their services it somehow shows that they acknowledge the individuality and uniqueness of their clients. In the provision of health services, I suggest that services should be pattern to the character of the said community, in this way, the needs of the members will be provided with their healthcare needs accordingly. I also suggest that there should be teams who will visit the communities on a regular basis to continuously assess the health needs of the society and make ways to give the people easy access to their services. Conclusion: In conclusion, there are a number of approaches that can be used in the provision of healthcare services. These approaches cannot be a success without the dedication of the healthcare providers. There are many aspects to consider when deciding on the kind of approach to practice with people with dementia and other geriatric health conditions but we must not forget that although old and frail they are still individuals with a respective identity who are worth of our respect and should be given the due right to live their remaining days with dignity. Bibliography Mcleod, Saul (2008). Simply Psychology. Person-Centred Therapy. Retrieved from http://www.simplypsychology.org/client-centred-therapy.html Career Force. 2 Person Centred Care. Retrieved from http://ilearn.careerforce.org.nz/mod/book/view.php?id=266chapterid=188 Department of Health. Victorian State Government. Australia (2014). Minimising Functional Decline of Older People in Hospital. Best Care for Older People Everywhere. Retrieved from http://www.health.vic.gov.au/older/toolkit/02PersonCentredPractice/ MemoryMatters. Reality Orientation. Retrieved from http://www.memorymatters.co.uk/resources/therapeutic-approaches/interactive-reality-orientation Alzheimer’s Disease: Causes, symptoms, treatment (2011). Validation Approach to Alzheimer’s Patients. Retrieved from http://alzheimers-review.blogspot.co.nz/2011/11/validation-approach-to-alzheimers.html Dementia Services Development Center. An Educational Resource to Support Early Interventions for People Receiving a Diagnosis of Dementia. Retrieved from http://library.nhsggc.org.uk/mediaAssets/dementiasp/DementiaEducationResource.pdf The Ministry of Health (2014). Health and Disability Services (Safety) Act. Retrieved from http://www.health.govt.nz/our-work/regulation-health-and-disability-system/certification-health-care-services/health-and-disability-services-safety-act WORKSAFE NEW ZEALAND (2013). Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992 (HSE Act). Retrieved from http://www.business.govt.nz/worksafe/information-guidance/legal-framework/hse-act-1992 Citizens Advice Bureau (2012). Discrimination and Human Rights. Retrieved from http://www.cab.org.nz/vat/gl/roi/Pages/DiscriminationandHumanRights.aspx