Describe How Two Businesses Are Organised

Describe how two businesses are organised (P3) I am going to talk about two organisations and how they operate. The organisations I am going to talk about are McDonalds and Chester Zoo. McDonalds is a fast food restaurant and its purpose is to provide the best and fastest customer service so in this way it will give the organisation a good reputation and help them to make more profit. [pic] This shows how stuff work in McDonalds.If there would be a problem with customers for example, then the assistant manager would take care of this but if there would be something more serious then the business manager will have to take care of it because he is the top head of managing. This also shows how the organisation is organized and how everyone is on the top of the chart and also at the bottom. Chester Zoo is a zoo organisation with loads of attractions for children. Its purpose is to keep their customers happy and also help others because Chester Zoo is also a charity and most of its profit goes to charity to help other people.This is one of the organisation charts for Chester Zoo. This organisation chart shows how the herpetology team work at Chester Zoo. For example the herpetology team manager is on top and  everyone below report to him. For example if there was a problem with something to do with the herpetology keepers then they would report it to the herpetology lead keeper who would then report it to the herpetology team manager. Types of organisational structures There are four types of organisational structures which are: †¢ Functional Geographic †¢ Product †¢ Type of customer Functional – Functional structures arrange departments according to what goes on within each department. An example of this structure would be Sandwell College where the lecturers are in their own departments, the receptionists and secretaries would be in the administration department or office and the library and IT staff would be in support services. Geographic – Geographic structures are mostly about the size of the organisation and where it operates.This could be where there are teams of people operating in different locations like in different towns, cities or countries, so it would be very difficult to organise the business simply by its functions. By product – By-product organisational structures offer a range of products or services and these can dictate its structure. For example a supermarket could be organised into the following functional areas: †¢ Fruit and veg †¢ Cooked  meats †¢ Tinned goods †¢ Clothing †¢ Frozen goods By type of customer – By type of customer organisational structures have both consumers as customers and also have other businesses as customers.This can be referred to as B2C (business to consumer) and B2B (business to business). Hierarchical structure – A hierarchical structure consists of multiple levels. This means that the chain of command would look l ike a pyramid with a large base of workers who are supervised by the level above them which continues to the top ranking officer such as the CEO or company president. Flat structure – A flat structure has few levels of management between the executive level and the front-line employees. The purpose of a flat structure is to empower employees by making them a larger part of the decision making process in a business.It is designed to make employees more productive. It also allows for more rapid change and problem resolution as the communication occurs more easily between the upper managers and baseline employees. Matrix structure – A matrix structure is a type of management system in which workers report to more than just one person, effectively having two or more supervisors at the same time. For example professionals with different types of expertise are brought together to work on a project. They report to a number of managers of different projects as well as to a fun ctional supervisor.McDonalds and Chester Zoo both have a hierarchical structure because they have multiple levels and they both have a CEO or company president that everyone reports to. Span of control – Span of control is the number of people that one individual is responsible for in an organisation. The wider the span of control is then the greater the number of whom the individual is responsible. A manager who is responsible for too many people may be so overworked that their staff in turn may not be able to perform their duties effectively.Functional Areas – The functional areas are the specialist areas of activity within an organisation. These include: †¢ Finance †¢ Marketing †¢ Production †¢ Customer service †¢ Sales †¢ Human resources Finance The finance department functions include keeping records of financial activity for example the sales made by the business and providing managers with information that they can use in decision m aking for example cost of making products. For McDonalds the finance department would have to keep track of how many sales they make per day and what kind of meal or burger makes the most money.For Chester Zoo the finance department would have to do the same which is keeping records of how many sales they make per day and how much profit they make. Marketing – The marketing function is responsible for identifying, anticipating and satisfying customer requirements. The marketing function have to carry out market research to find out which types of customers make up a particular market for example what they want, where they want it, how they like it and at what price. The marketers will have an important say in deciding: †¢ The products the company produces The prices charged †¢ Promotions designed to encourage the customers †¢ Place where  goods are sold For example at McDonalds the marketers would decide on what type of Mcflurrys they would sell to customers and at Chester Zoo the marketers will decide on what price they will sell their tickets for people to come and visit Chester Zoo Production – The production function organises who makes the goods and how and when they are made. The production manager of a company is responsible for making sure raw materials are processed into finished goods.At McDonalds the production function will have to make sure that the burgers and chips are made in good quality and at Chester Zoo the production team have to make sure that the food they feed to the animals are just right for them to eat. Customer service – Customer service is concerned with looking after customers at all stages of their relationship with a company. They have to provide customers with details about offers, make sure the customers are listened to and valued and attending to customer complaints, providing after sales service such as servicing of goods, spare parts or information about new products.At Chester Zoo the customer service people will have to deal with complaints and will have to tell people who visit about offers they may not know about. Sales – The sales function is responsible for getting customers to buy what the company produces. The sales department works closely with the marketing department. The main responsibility of the sales department is to create orders for goods and services. For example at McDonalds the sales team will have to try and sell as much food as they can to the customers so they can make a profit. At Chester Zoo they will have to do the same thing by selling Chester Zoo merchandise.Human resources – Human resource managers are responsible for all aspects of people management in an organisation. The type of work covered in the human resource function might include a policy-making role, welfare role, supportive role, bargaining and negotiating role, administrative role and educational and development role. At Chester Zoo the human resources will ha ve to do an educational and development role because when they have new employees they will need to train them. This goes for the same at McDonalds, where they will have to train their employees.

Image of Nursing Essay

Every nurse should be concerned with the overall image of nursing. Nursing is considered to be the most trusted, honest and ethical profession. The media and the public will continually critique how nurses perform in and out of the clinical setting. Nursing protocols and guidelines have shaped nurses into professionals who have a great deal of knowledge and experience in their particular field. The image of nursing has changed a lot over the years and each nurse has a personal responsibility to maintain a positive overall image (Gambrell, 2004). Nurses should ask themselves how to confront and address the negative images of nursing. We need to be aware of how our appearance affects the delivery of healthcare. Tattoos, piercings and scrubs are very influential in the eyes of the patient and their families. Popular TV shows also portray nurses in a certain way that could cause common misconceptions. In recent years more males have been entering the nursing field and are taking on more duties as role models and mentors who are admired and respected (Hoeve, 2013). Nurses should incorporate communication, collaboration, critical thinking and clinical judgment into every aspect of their job. These qualities should begin in school and will hopefully remain with the nurse for the entirety of their career. Every single nurse is ultimately responsible for how the profession of nursing is  viewed. The â€Å"image† of nursing is very subjective and therefore, no absolute definition exits. The majority of a nurse’s work is invisible to all except the patients, their families and the organizations they work for. We’re always being watched and a positive attitude can go a long way in the eyes of the patients and their families. Nurses traditionally don’t have a strong relationship with the media. They tend to focus more on human-interest stories rather than professional abilities. By publicly sharing aspects of our jobs we are then able to enhance the public’s image of nursing. The image of nursing will successfully be enhanced because we will be seen as professionals who care for each other and support one another’s professional growth . I believe that every nurse, from new grads to clinical nurse 4’s, is absolutely responsible for the overall image of nursing. Public opinion shapes political agendas. Because public opinion is often based on inaccurate images, nurses must participate in the public arena to shape our image (Gambrell, 2004). Nurses are not given due recognition for the skills they have by the majority of the public. The essence of nursing is not always clear and nurses still suffer from many stereotypes including gender. The media often depict nurses working at the patient’s bedside and performing repetitive and routine tasks, mostly as the doctor’s handmaiden. The public image of nurses does not always match their professional image; nurses are not depicted as autonomous professionals and the public is not aware that nowadays nursing is to a great extent a theory-based and scholarly profession (Hoeve, 2013). As nurses, we should always strive to uphold a positive public image, self-concept and professional identity. The self-concept of nurses and their professional identity are determined by many factors, including public image, work environment, work values, education and culture. A negative public image may challenge nurses to look for successful strategies to improve their self-concept and to show their invaluable contribution to the healthcare system. I’m very proud to be in this field. References Gambrell, M. (2004). Improving Our Image a Nurse at a Time. JONA: The Journal of Nursing Administration, 33(10), 510-511. Hoeve, Y. T., Jansen, G., & Roodbol, P. (2013). The nursing profession: public image, self-concept and professional identity. A discussion paper. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 70(2), 295-309.

Fourteen Amendment

The fourteenth amendment provides a definition of a citizen of The United States. The fourteenth amendment was adopted on July 9, 1868 shortly after the Union victory in the American Civil War. It was adopted as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. It has many different clauses. The fourteenth amendment was adopted as one of the longest amendments to the Constitution with a total of five different parts. The Citizenship clause, Due Process Clause, and the Equal Protection Clause are some of the clauses. The Citizenship clause is the first section in the fourteenth amendment.The Due Process Clause prohibits state and local governments from depriving people of life, liberty, or property without certain steps being taken to ensure fairness. This clause has been used to make most of the Bill of Rights applicable to the states, as well as to recognize substantive and procedural rights. The Equal Protection Clause requires each state to provide equal protection under the law to all people within its jurisdiction. The fourteenth amendment states that all people born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state wherein they reside.The fourteenth amendment provides that all state will provide equal protection to everyone within their jurisdiction. In addition, the fourteenth amendment gave people of different minorities a whole new sense of hope and inspired them in many different ways. Congress passed the fourteenth amendment not knowing how it would affect people of different minorities. In 1868, when the amendment was passed, people of different minorities were treated with disrespect and incivility from the white culture.The Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution was passed by both houses of congress. The stated purpose of the fourteenth amendment was to grant citizenship and to protect and define the civil rights of freed slaves. The Amendment was designed to prohib it state governments from curtailing the rights of former slaves after the Civil War; however it has been used to grant all of the personal liberties and rights conveyed in the Bill of Rights. Moreover, section one defines citizenship and protects a person civil and political rights from being denied by any state.Section one was formed in response to the â€Å"Black Code† that southern starts had passed in the beginning of the thirteenth amendment, which removed slavery from the United States. The Citizenship Clause can also be known as the Naturalization Clause. The Citizenship Clause refers the first sentence of section one in the fourteenth amendment. The clause showed how congress decided to reverse it so that African Americans could then vote, become citizens of the United States, and also enjoy any of the other privileges that citizens got.Although, the fourteenth amendment does not provide any procedures from removing someone privileges as being a citizen of The United States. The citizenship clause is what overruled the Dred Scott v. Sandford ruling stating that blacks could not be citizens. Loss of citizenship can happen when there is fraud in the naturalization process. Also, decades after the adoption of the fourteenth amendment, the Supreme Court got rid of laws saying that blacks could not be in juries. The Supreme Court found the laws to be a violation of the Equal Protection Clause.Its Equal Protection Clause requires each state to provide equal protection under the law to all people within its jurisdiction. The Due Process Clause prohibits state and local governments from depriving people of life, liberty, or property without certain steps being taken to ensure fairness. The Due Process Clause has been used to make most of the Bill of Rights applicable to the states. Furthermore, the first section of the amendment includes four main parts. First, anyone born in American is guaranteed full American citizenship.Second, no state can take aw ay any of its residents of the full privileges of American citizenship. Third, all citizens are guaranteed â€Å"due process of law,† which means that states cannot pass unfair laws. Fourth, all citizens are guaranteed equal protection of the laws, which means that states cannot discriminate against any citizens. The second section says, â€Å"Representatives shall be apportioned among the several States according to their respective numbers, counting the whole number of persons in each State, excluding Indians not taxed.But when the right to vote at any election for the choice of electors for President and Vice President of the United States, Representatives in Congress, the Executive and Judicial officers of a State, or the members of the Legislature thereof, is denied to any of the male inhabitants of such State, being twenty-one years of age, and citizens of the United States, or in any way abridged, except for participation in rebellion, or other crime, the basis of rep resentation therein shall be reduced in the proportion which the umber of such male citizens shall bear to the whole number of male citizens twenty-one years of age in such State. † The second section of the Fourteenth Amendment repealed the three-fifths clause (Article I, Section 2, Clause 3) of the original Constitution. This section also guaranteed that all male citizens over age 21, no matter their race, had a right to vote.In the third section of the Fourteenth Amendment made it impossible for the president to allow the former leaders of the Confederacy to regain power within the United States government after regaining full citizenship rights. The fourth section banned any form of payment to former slaveholders for the loss of their slaves. The fifth section states that congress will have the power to enforce all the provisions of the article.

Ethics modules Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethics modules - Essay Example The investigator chooses a case-control design with paired lifestyle interviews and a few blood and urine tests and assigns a study manager to identify patients with the diagnosis from the pathology logbook that lists names. The study manager would then ask each patients primary physician for permission to contact the patient. Which of the following is required before the investigator begins the study? The Belmont Report defines and delineates between "Practice" and "Research" , describes the concept of "Respect for Person" and provides formulations for the ethical distribution of research benefits and risks (Principle of Justice). The Belmont report does not describe the necessity to effectively manage conflicts of interest as an example of the Principle of Justice. The best answer is "heightened awareness". In 1966 Dr. Henry K. Beecher, wrote an article describing numerous research studies with controversial ethics, conducted by reputable researchers and published in major journals. Beecher concluded, "unethical or questionably ethical procedures are not uncommon." Beechers article played an important role in heightening the awareness of researchers, the public, and the press to the problem of unethical human subjects research. In order to meet the definition of research with human subjects a researcher must obtain data about a living individual through interaction or intervention or obtain individually identifiable private information. Although à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“public behaviorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  may be construed differently from setting to setting, public behavior is, by definition, not private information. Information without identifiers that is publicly available is also not à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"private identifiable informationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ so it too does not meet the definitional requirements. Information that is publicly available is also not considered to involve human subjects

Where the Wild Things Are Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Where the Wild Things Are - Essay Example The book was not widely received at first. In fact, some libraries have banned it. Two years after its publication, though, the teachers noticed that the children love it, and decided to relax their views about the book. What makes the book controversial, or at least not well-received, is the subject of the book itself. The plot of the story centers on a little boy named Max. The first line (sentence) of the story goes, â€Å"The night Max wore his wolf suit and made mischief of one kind and another†. Because of this, Max’s mother got mad at Max and sent him to his room without supper. Max got mad and made his tent, chases his pet dog with a fork, etc. Anyway, he stays in his room and his room starts to change into a different world, a forest. Then a boat comes and he sailed (for more than a year) and to foreign places where it was inhabited by â€Å"wild things†. He tamed them by staring at their yellow eyes without blinking and they made him king. They enjoyed themselves, danced the wild rumpus and did what wild things do. This continued for a long time. The Max told the Wild Things to stop and they did. Max then realized that he was lonely and â€Å"wanted to be with someone who loved him best of all† and â€Å"smelled good things to eat†. Then the wild things persuade him to stay and be their king but Max said â€Å"No†. ... The child is quite angry at being told off by his mother so he makes up a world where he can be king and express his anger. Then these monsters are tamed. Then the child indulges with the monsters and then when he gets tired of the novelty, he quits them and goes back to the room. This time, the room is much bigger. The Freudian thing here is actually rooted on anger management where it was actually therapeutic for him to lash out his anger on his own and then returns to normalcy when it’s over. Anger here is represented by monsters. He tamed them by directly looking at them; it’s as if you can master your problems/emotions by dealing with them directly. It is actually an adult thing to do and realize. Max’s world at the start is small. The illustration is literally small too. As he gains control on his world and the monsters’ world, the illustrations get bigger as well. It even takes two pages in the middle of the book! This means that the world of Maxâ⠂¬â„¢s, his imagination, is boundless. It is bigger, less bounded (it does not have margins!), prettier and more wonderful. However, back in his bedroom, after he leaves the monsters’ land, the world becomes small again, but it is not as small as his room before, but it has no borders now. This means that he grew, or at least his mind grew, as in he matured. This also reflects that his perspective grew, and his view of the world is bigger. He is a naughty child. He chases his pet dog with a fork and does mischievous things. He is what kids may relate too, as his mother also scolds him and grounds him. He knows that he can’t be mad at his mother because she is his mother. This is his source of frustration, and the readers (the children) can relate with this. This is what makes

Preventing Nuclear Capacities in North Korean or Iran Essay

Preventing Nuclear Capacities in North Korean or Iran - Essay Example The United States can possibly employ the use of economic pressure to try and force North Korea to return t the six-party negotiations that also include South Korea, Russia, Japan and China. These talks were originally designed to try and help in the establishment of a peaceful resolution to security concerns that happen to result from the nuclear weapons program that had been conducted by North Korea. The United States can endeavor to utilize these talks to try and convince North Korea to abandon its nuclear weapons program (Cronin, 273).1 The presence of nuclear weapons in the hands of North Korea is of relatively great concern to the United States. If the Six-party negotiations continue to be ineffective, the United States will potentially find itself quite unable to effectively address the concerns posed by nuclear capabilities in North Korea unless it engages directly with the country. A possible concession that can be made is that the United States can pledge that it will not attack North Korea if it willingly shuts down its plutonium program. Other options can involve the withdrawal of American troops from the Korean Peninsula in return for North Korea ending its uranium enrichment program (Cronin, 273).2 If all options fail, and the security of the country remains in critical danger, I would order the complete elimination of the considerable nuclear threat currently being posed by North Korea. A surgical and very speedy attack on the various nuclear weapons development sites across North Korea will have the effect of completely destroying North Korea’s ability to make nuclear bomb. It might also have the effect of precipitating the downfall of the oppressive regime of Kim-Jong-II in addition to sending a an emphatic and clear message that the United States will in no way accept any nuclear proliferation that poses as a threat to it (Ochmanek and Schwartz,

Base on the prompt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Base on the prompt - Essay Example There are three business segments through which Wal-Mart operates its business: Walmart US, Sam’s Club, and Walmart International. The retail stores have four different formats: discount centers, supercenters, neighborhood markets, and other small formats (Company Profile Wal-Mart Stores Inc, 4). The key products that are offered by Wal-Mart, Inc. include: food products, consumables, entertainment goods, apparel, and goods for home; major services are: pharmacy and optical services; money order services, check cashing, photo processing services, etc. (Company Profile Wal-Mart Stores Inc, 23-24). In addition to the retail units, Wal-Mart offers its products and services through the e-commerce websites available in 10 countries (Corporate.walmart.com). Wal-Mart launched its strategy of the international business expansion in 1991, by going to neighboring countries: Canada, Mexico, and some countries of the Latin America. The total number of Wal-Mart’s international locations exceeding the number of 6,100 enables the company to generate almost 30% of its revenue ($136, 318 mln in 2013) (Company Profile Wal-Mart Stores Inc, 26). Table 1 provides an overview of some of the key facts related to the Wal-Mart’s operations in different foreign markets. Wal-Mart has started its international expansion with opening its stores or by acquiring established local retailers in neighboring countries, such as Mexico, Canada, Brazil and Argentina. The company’s success in these countries has encouraged the management to go further and expand to China, the UK, Japan, Central America, India, and African continent. Wal-mart has opened its stores in few countries, including Mexico, Argentina, Brazil, China, and India. In order to enter all other countries, Wal-Mart has applied Mergers & Acquisition strategy, buying out either whole leading retailing companies operating locally or some stake of